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Consonants Initial Consonant Groups Combinations with Y CE PQ NTQ VTQ kj c c *tʃ kʰj ç ç ʃ gj lj lj lj ŋj nj nj nj *Also in Númenórean Quenya Combinations with W CE PQ NTQ VTQ kw kw kw kw kʰw xʷ xʷ f gw w v w ŋw ŋw ŋw *nw ...

This page intends to guide new hobbyist in their effort to familiarize themselves with materials available. Complete Beginner At this point a student needs to get a grasp of basic concepts, best introduced in specifically designed courses. These include: Elda...

[Originally posted by Ellanto 2025-09-16 on VLDS] What I refer to as a "genitive construct" is the kind of genitive formation characteristic of Semitic (or perhaps Afro-Asiatic) languages on the one hand, and Insular-Celtic languages on the other hand; I am no...

[Originally authored by Paul Strack in 2026 as a draft entry for Eldamo] Overview Soft mutations are a significant feature of Sindarin grammar. Tolkien described their grammatical function at some length in a document referred to as Sindarin Mutations written ...

Propositional modality Epistemic modality is concerned with the speaker's attitude towards whether the proposition is true. There are three types which are common in languages: (speculative) an expression of uncertainty, e.g. En. may: Where is John? I'm n...

This page is dedicated to storing helpful pages scattered on the Internet. Tolkien List search This website offers the possibility to search the archives of a number of mailing lists: TolkLang, Elfling, Lambengolmor, Elfscript, Elfscript2.